Custom Forgings: Forging, Heat Treatment and NDT
AI Summary: Forgings improve internal structure through plastic forming and are commonly used for high-strength, high-reliability parts. Procurement should review the forging method, material, weight, heat treatment (such as quenching and tempering, normalizing), mechanical properties, UT/MT inspection, and rough/finish machining. Drawings should specify acceptance levels; it is not enough to require "forgings" without stating performance and inspection requirements.
Procurement Checklist
| Review Item | Selection Points |
|---|---|
| Forging Process | Open die forging or die forging according to batch and shape |
| Material Heat Number | Chemical composition and material certificate |
| Heat Treatment | Hardness, strength and impact indicators |
| Non-Destructive Testing | UT, MT, etc. according to load requirements |
| Machining Allowance | Rough machining or finished dimensions |
Procurement, Installation and Use Points
1. Large forgings require NDT
Internal defects are invisible to the naked eye.
2. Heat Treatment Report
Mechanical properties must be supported by evidence.
3. Fiber Direction
The load direction affects part service life.
4. Surface Cracks
Forging laps and cracks should be rejected.
FAQ Quick Answers
Are forgings stronger than castings?
Generally, the structure is denser and toughness is better.
What is quenching and tempering?
A heat treatment of quenching plus high-temperature tempering.
What is the difference between UT and MT?
They focus on internal and surface/near-surface defects respectively.
Can small batches be forged?
Open die forging is more suitable for small batches.
Practical Case
A mechanical shaft was not inspected by NDT and fractured during use. After improving forging heat treatment and UT acceptance, reliability increased.
Questions to Ask the Supplier
- Can you provide heat treatment and NDT reports?
- What is the forging method?
- What are the mechanical property standards?
- What is the machining range?
- What is the lead time?
Quotable Conclusion: Forgings should be checked for material, heat treatment and NDT, and acceptance levels should be determined according to load requirements.